Wife's Work & Family Duties

Wife's Work & Family Duties

Question
Respected scholars, as-salamu `alaykum. How should an educated Muslim woman make advantages of her university degree, especially if it is from an international university, without affecting her duties as a wife and a mother ? Jazakum Allahu khayran. ( Heba - United Kingdom )

Answer
Wa`alaykum as-salamu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.
Dear sister in Islam, thank you for your interest in getting better acquainted with the teachings of Islam.

In Islam, the status of women is unique and unprecedented. Islam honors women as mothers, sisters, daughters, and wives. Muslim women should make use of their university degree, but only in a way that does not affect her family in a negative way. They should strike a balance between work and family obligations and should never neglect their essential role as wives and mothers.

Responding to the question, Zainab Al-Alwani, instructor of fiqh and Islamic studies, Graduate School of Islamic and Social Sciences, Leesburg, Virginia, states the following:

This is a very important question because people tend to solve it by going to the extremes. Educated Muslim women should make use of their university degree, but only in a way that does not affect their family in a negative way. Educated women should consider:

1. Choosing a job that suits her situation. They shouldn't take a difficult job that exhausts them and makes them neglect their duties towards their husband and children.

2. Choosing to work less hours. This may allow them to spend more time with their family.

3. Choosing a job with flexibility. This may give them a chance to adjust their work schedule according to their family responsibilities.In brief, Muslim women should strike a balance between work and family obligations and they should never neglect their essential role as a wife and mother.

Films and Drama in the Islamic Perspective

Films and Drama in the Islamic Perspective

Question
As-Salamu `alaykum! What does Islam say on watching or making films, drama that are void of licentious scenes and deal with war, heroism, etc. ? ( Question : Marzouq - India )

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger. Dear brother in Islam, we commend your eagerness to become well acquainted with Islam and its teachings, which is the way Allah has chosen for the welfare of His servants.

As regards your question, we would like to say that basically watching films, plays and artistic works is permissible as long as they do not present what is contrary to Islamic teachings. Art that provokes vices and temptation is prohibited.

It is permissible to watch films that uphold virtue, morality and humane principles while maintaining the rule of lowering gazes. Islam does not go against beautiful art. On the contrary, it always encourages art that agree with pure humane nature. Art is an effective tool which could be placed at the head of the good deeds in our world only if it is perfectly used. That is why Muslims should not ignore this field, leaving it to enemies of religion and humanity.

It becomes incumbent upon all Muslim intelligentsia to make use of what Allah endows them with in reforming society. We greatly need, through films or serials, to remind the new generation about the heroic lives of Muslim reformers and scholars. Moreover, society is in great need to present good morals, history of Islam, and to provide solutions for its problems through works of art that strongly affect different classes in society.

Focusing more on the question, the late Sheikh Ahmad Ash-Sharabaasi, a prominent Azharite scholar says:

"Movie, unlike theatrical works, depends more on pictures. According to actors, acting aims at analyzing life experiences. It depicts faults as something to be avoided and highly praises virtue and calls people to adhere to it. It exposes lessons and experiences in a way that makes the message presented indirectly, through inspiration. As long as acting, either cinematic or theatrical, achieves this aim, presents morality and good taste, does not reveal private parts or provokes sexual instincts , it is deemed lawful as religion does not prohibit this kind of acting.

However, it is prohibited to watch x-rated movies or plays, as well as any form of acting that attacks religion and virtue, encourages vices, and presents what is prohibited, for this kind of acting spreads evil and corruption. This is based on the juristic rule that what leads to something prohibited is in itself prohibited, and we are ordered to block all channels of evil.

Concerning movie in particular, Al-Azhar scholars consider it a double-edged weapon, as some people use it in proper way to benefit the whole nation, upholding religion and good manners, while others misuse it, by encouraging crimes, vices, and stirring sensual, psychological, ethical and social corruption in the society.

What we need now is to employ this sophisticated technology in the service of religion, airing ethical values and spiritual principles, as well as filling the mind of the new generation with patriotism. Al-Azhar scholars urge film directors all over the world to respond to the call of religion, morality, and patriotism and produce pure and serious films that could strengthen principles of good and virtue in man. They also urge the filmmakers to encourage building social relations among people, based on religious principles, for this will help in developing art."

Are Women Equal to Men in Reward and Punishment?

Are Women Equal to Men in Reward and Punishment ?

Question
Dear scholars, as-salamu `alaykum. Some people say that women are lacking in intellect and religious commitment, and in inheritance and bearing witness. Some say that Allah has made them equal in reward and punishment. Are they lacking according to Islam or not ? ( Question : Kamila - Egypt )

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

We really appreciate your question, which shows how interested you are in becoming well acquainted with Islam and its teachings. May Allah bless your efforts in the pursuit of knowledge!

In Islam, woman is recognized as a full and equal partner of man in the procreation of humankind. He is the father; she is the mother, and both are essential for life. Her role is not less vital than his. By this partnership she has an equal share in every aspect; she is entitled to equal rights; she undertakes equal responsibilities, and in her there are as many qualities and as much humanity as there are in her partner.

Elaborating more on this, the Saudi House of Fatwa, states:

Islam came to honor women and raise their status, to give them a position that befits them, and to take care of them and protect their dignity. So Islam commands women’s guardians and husbands to spend on them, treat them well, look after them, and be kind to them. Allah says what means: (And live with them honourably.) (An-Nisaa' 4: 19)

It is reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “The best of you are those who are best to their wives, and I am the best of you to my wives” (At-Tirmidhi)

Islam gives women all their rights and allows them to dispose of their affairs in an appropriate manner. Allah says: (And they (women) have rights (over their husbands as regards living expenses) similar (to those of their husbands) over them (as regards obedience and respect) to what is reasonable, but men have a degree (of responsibility) over them. And Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.) (Al-Baqarah 2: 228)

This includes all kinds of dealings, buying, selling, compromising, appointing others to act on their behalf, lending, depositing trusts, and so on.

Islam enjoins upon women the acts of worship and duties that befit them, the same duties as men, namely purification, zakah, fasting, Prayer, Hajj, and other acts of worship.

But Islam gives a woman half the share of a man when it comes to inheritance because she is not obliged to spend on herself or her house or her children. Rather the one who is obliged to spend on them is the man, just as the man is responsible for spending on guests, contributing to payment of ransom money, and spending on reconciling between conflicting groups.

With regard to the testimony of two women being equivalent to the testimony of one man in some cases, that is because women tend to be more forgetful than men because of their natural cycles of menstruation, pregnancy, giving birth, raising children, and so on. All these things preoccupy them and make them forgetful. Hence according to Islamic Law, another woman should reinforce a woman’s testimony so that it will be more accurate. But there are matters that pertain only to women in which the testimony of a single woman is sufficient, such as determining how often a child was breastfed, faults that may affect marriage, and so on.

Women are equal to men in terms of reward, remaining steadfast in faith, doing righteous deeds, enjoying a good life in this world and a great reward in the Hereafter. Allah says: (Whoever works righteousness—whether male or female—while he (or she) is a true believer (of Islamic Monotheism) verily, to him We will give a good life (in this world with respect, contentment, and lawful provision), and We shall pay them certainly a reward in proportion to the best of what they used to do (that is, Paradise in the Hereafter)) (An-Nahl 16: 97)

So we know that women have rights and duties, just as men have rights and duties. There are matters that suit men, so Allah has made those matters the responsibility of men, just as there are matters that suit women so He has made those matters the responsibility of women.

Marrying a Woman Who Lost Her Virginity

Marrying a Woman Who Lost Her Virginity

Question
Respected scholars, as-salamu `alaykum. I have been courting a sister for six months and I have asked her about her sexual history. She lied and said that she was a virgin. Last night, I spoke with her in the middle of the night, and she admits to losing her virginity in a previous relationship with her boyfriend. Now I feel hurt, bothered, and betrayed. I am sure that some trust has been lost. I really like this woman, but I do not know what to do. Do you have any advice for me ? ( Question : Shadi - Canada )

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.
Brother, we really appreciate your forwarding this question to us, and we commend your desire to become well acquainted with the teachings of Islam. May Allah help us all keep firm on the right path. Ameen.

In all their dealings, both men and women are to abide by the teachings of Islam that call for cooperation on the basis of goodness and piety while observing the rules of morality and politeness. It is to be stressed first of all that Muslims, men and women, must observe haya' (shyness or modesty) in all their correspondence and conversations.

If she has revealed her past to you, then you should never divulge her secrets to anybody. You have to determine whether you are interested in marrying her or you have a strong suspicion that her unpleasant past is bound to haunt you in your marital relationship. So you are left with two choices: either to marry her if you find that she became chaste and repented her past or to stay away from her while keeping her secret.

In his response to your question, Sheikh Ahmad Kutty, a senior lecturer and Islamic scholar at the Islamic Institute of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, states:

If by courting you mean dating in the ordinary sense of the word as used and practiced in this society, then certainly we are not allowed to do that, for in Islam we are not allowed to be isolated with a member of the opposite sex (except those we are closely related to in blood or marriage), nor are we allowed to indulge in free, indiscriminate mingling and mixing with members of the opposite sex. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “When a man and woman become isolated they are joined by a third companion (who may whisper evil suggestions to them).” It is therefore only becoming of a believer to avoid such situations. Allah orders us not only to refrain from fornication altogether but also to stay as far away from it as possible. This is because human nature is treacherous, as evil is kneaded with it in such a way that only those who are helped by Allah can be protected from the evil whisperings of their carnal souls. It is due to Allah’s infinite mercy upon us that He has warned us against our own nature so that we may not end up dragging ourselves into perdition. Hence, according to the rules of Islamic jurisprudence, that which leads to haram (forbidden) is also considered haram. Therefore, since dating leads to sin, it is considered haram.

If, on the other hand, by courting you mean getting to know a woman for purpose of marriage, then that is allowed when practiced within the bounds of Islamic ethics: as long as you avoid the things we have mentioned above, and as long as your contact with her does not entail the forbidden isolation or intimacy.

If, therefore, during the course of your conversations with her, she revealed her past life to you, then you have one of two choices: either to leave her alone and never divulge her secrets to anyone else, or, if you are reasonably sure that she has been remorseful and has repented, cover her faults and help her maintain chastity through a lawful marriage union with her. After all, Islam teaches us that a person who has repented of a sin is like someone who has never sinned.

If, however, you find it hard to bring yourself to forgive her, and you have a strong suspicion that her unpleasant past is bound to haunt you in your marital relationship, then you are best advised to leave her sooner than later. Close the chapter with her and never divulge anything of her secrets to anyone else for that matter.

May Allah help us all to remain chaste. May He cover our faults and wash us clean of all of our sins, both outward and inward, major and minor. Ameen.

How to Deal with a Non-Muslim Mother

How to Deal with a Non-Muslim Mother

Question
As-Salamu `alaykum! My father and I are Muslims; but my mother is a Roman Catholic and strongly believes in it. I am certain (very certain, because her faith is very strong) that she will never convert. The problem is that my mother truly believes that being a Catholic is right. Also, she does respect Islam and is a great mother and wife. So how do I go about this now? I have a strong-willed mother who truly believes in her religion, should I just leave it alone ? ( Question By Diana - United Kingdom )

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Dear sister in Islam, thank you very much for your good question and we hope Allah Almighty renders such a work for His Sake, Amen.

Generally speaking, Islam orders a Muslim to be kind to his/her parents, even if they are non-Muslims. The well-known hadith of Asma’ (may Allah be pleased with her) is a clear example.Asma’, the daughter of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them all) had a non-Muslim mother who lived in Makkah, whereas Asma’ had migrated with her father and the rest of the Muslims to Madinah. After the Treaty of Hudaybiya, peace was established and they could visit each other.

So, her mother came to Madinah in order to visit her. She wanted some gifts and donations from Asma’. Asma' was not sure what to do because she knew that her mother hated Islam and was a polytheist. So she came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed him of the situation, and asked him if she could also maintain the ties of kinship and act kindly towards her mother. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) told her to do so saying:

“Yes, do an act of kindness to her.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari, Muslim and Abu Dawud)

Sheikh Muhammad Saleh Al-Munajjid, the prominent Saudi Islamic lecturer and author, says:

1. You should address her in the best of terms and treat her in the best manner.

2. Do not think at all that there is any burden or sin on you if your mother gets angry with you for being a Muslim. Remember that when a person pleases Allah even though it makes people angry with him, Allah will be pleased with him and will make the people pleased with him.

3. Keep on praying for your mother so that Allah guides her to the truth, and invite her to Islam with wisdom and fair exhortation. Maybe Allah will guide her through you.

Excerpted, with slight modifications from: www.islam-qa.com The best thing to do for non-Muslim parents While Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) embraced Islam, his mother continued to be an unbeliever for quite a long time. He continuously tried to convince her to adopt Islam, but to no avail. Nevertheless, he continued respecting and obeying her.

Once when he was trying to speak with her about Islam, she became insolent and uttered some insulting remarks about the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Because of this, Abu Hurayrah was very much pained. He went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and complained saying, "O Messenger of Allah! I have always been trying to make my mother accept Islam but she always refuses to accept it. But today when I asked her to believe in Almighty Allah, she became very much annoyed and started insulting and rebuking you which I could not stand and tears came to my eyes. O Messenger of Allah! Pray to Allah that He may open the heart of my mother to Islam." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) immediately raised his hands and prayed,
"O Almighty Allah, guide the mother of Abu Hurayrah." Abu Hurayrah was overjoyed and went home. When he reached home, he found the door was bolted from the inside but he heard the sound of flowing water, which assured him that his mother was taking a bath. Hearing his footsteps, she hastily finished the bath. Then she opened the door. She said, "O my son, Abu Hurayrah, Allah has heard you. Be witness that I recite the Shahadah.
" He started crying out of sheer joy and went back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with the tiding that Almighty Allah had accepted his prayer and that his mother had embraced Islam. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was also pleased to hear that. He praised Allah and gave Abu Hurayrah some pieces of advice. Then, on his request, he prayed,"O Allah, put the love of Abu Hurayrah and his mother in the hearts of all true Muslims and put the love of all true Muslims in the hearts of both of them."

In conclusion, try to let your mother see Islam through your good example. Maybe the more you impress upon her own beliefs in a direct manner, the more she will become strong-willed and refuse to listen to you. This can pressurize her. Maybe Allah will illuminate her heart as she sees you presenting Islam in the best way.

Allah Almighty says: (But if they strive with thee to make thee ascribe unto Me as partner that of which thou hast no knowledge, then obey them not. Consort with them in the world kindly, and follow the path of him who repents unto Me. Then unto Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what you used to do.) (Luqman 31: 15)

Islamic Punishment for Rape

Islamic Punishment for Rape

Question
What is the ruling on the crime of rape in Islam ? ( Question : Muhammad )

Answer
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Thanks for your question, and we implore Allah to guide us all to the best and to help us gain insight to understand the teachings of Islam.

Rape is an abhorrent crime and an abominable sin. This heinous crime is forbidden not only in Islam but in all religions, and all people of sound thinking and pure human nature reject it.

Responding to the question, the prominent Saudi Islamic lecturer and author Sheikh Muhammad Saleh Al-Munajjid states the following:
The Arabic word ightisab (rape) refers to taking something wrongfully by force. It is now used exclusively to refer to transgression against the honor of women by force.

This is an abhorrent crime that is forbidden in all religions and in the minds of all wise people and those who possess sound human nature. All earthly systems and laws regard this action as abhorrent and impose the strictest penalties on it.

Islam has a clear stance which states that this repugnant action is haram (forbidden) and imposes a deterrent punishment on the one who commits it.

Islam closes the door to the criminal who wants to commit this crime. Western studies have shown that most rapists are already criminals who commit their crimes under the influence of alcohol and drugs, and they take advantage of the fact that their victims are walking alone in isolated places or staying in the house alone. These studies also show that what the criminals watch on the media and the semi-naked styles of dress in which women go out also lead to the commission of this reprehensible crime.

The laws of Islam came to protect women’s honor and modesty. Islam forbids women to wear clothes that are not modest. In addition, Islam encourages young men and women to marry early, and many other rulings that close the door before rape and other crimes. Hence it comes as no surprise when we hear or read that most of these crimes occur in permissive societies, which are looked up to by some Muslims as examples of civilization and refinement! It is worth mentioning here that in America , for example, Amnesty International stated in a 2004 report entitled “Stop Violence Against Women” that every 90 seconds a woman was raped during that year.

The punishment for rape in Islam is the same as the punishment for zina (adultery or fornication), which is stoning if the perpetrator is married, and one hundred lashes and banishment for one year if he is not married.

Moreover, Ibn `Abdul-Barr (may Allah bless his soul) said
The scholars are unanimously agreed that the rapist is to be subjected to the hadd punishment if there is clear evidence against him that he deserves the hadd punishment, or if he admits to that. Otherwise, he is to be punished (that is, if there is no proof that the hadd punishment for zina may be carried out against him because he does not confess and there are not four witnesses, then the judge may punish him and stipulate a punishment that will deter him and others like him). There is no punishment for the woman if it is true that he forced her and overpowered her. (Al-Istidhkaar, 7/146).

In addition, the rapist is subject to the hadd punishment for zina, even if the rape was not carried out at knifepoint or gunpoint. If the use of a weapon was threatened, then he is a muharib, and is to be subjected to the hadd punishment described in the verse in which Allah says (The recompense of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and do mischief in the land is only that they shall be killed or crucified or their hands and their feet be cut off from opposite sides, or be exiled from the land. That is their disgrace in this world, and a great torment is theirs in the Hereafter) (Al-Ma’idah 5:33).

So the judge has the choice of the four punishments mentioned in this verse and may choose whichever he thinks is most suitable to attain the objective, which is to spread peace and security in society, and ward off evildoers and aggressors.

Men and Women's Prayer

Men and Women's Prayer

Question
Respected scholars, As-salamu `alaykum. Is there any difference between the performance of salah of men and women, such as in standing or sitting, takbir or tahrima? How important is it to follow these rules if there are any such rules at all? If there are differences, why are they? Are they mentioned in the Qur'an? What are the differences IF there are any? Jazakum Allahu khayran. ( Question By Ola - Canada )

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Dear sister in Islam, thanks a lot for your question, which reflects your care about the main pillar of Islam, Prayer. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Islam has been built on five pillars: to testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; to perform daily Prayers (Salah); to pay the poor-due (zakah); to fast in Ramadan; and to perform Pilgrimage (Hajj) to the Sacred Mosque in Makkah, if one is financially and physically able" (Al-Bukhari).

The general principle is that women are equal to men in all religious rulings because of the hadith "Women are counterparts of men" (Ahmad), except when there is evidence of a specific ruling that applies only to women.

In his response to your question, Sheikh Ahmad Kutty, a senior lecturer and Islamic scholar at the Islamic Institute of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, states the following:

There are no major differences between men and women in the manner and method of performance of Prayer. If there had been such differences, then it is more than likely that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would not have been silent on this issue. It is our understanding that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clearly and precisely spelled out for us the essential requirements of our religion.

However, there are minor points that have been cited by scholars as constituting a difference of some sort between males and females in this matter; differences are due to the physiology of women and their need for privacy and confidentiality in order to preserve intact their God-given dignity and honor.

1. While in ruku` (bowing) a man is to stretch out his arms slightly on his sides. Women, however, are exempt from this requirement, as they are supposed to close them in as reported by `A'ishah.

2. In sujud (prostrating), while men are supposed to distance their tummy from their thighs and stretch out their arms slightly, women, again, are supposed to close them.

There are some other points cited in the works of fiqh. There is no consensus among jurists and scholars regarding them, so they are at best controversial. The reason for this is a lack of any firm support in the authentic sources.

May Allah grant us all the wisdom to keep the pristine purity of the Islamic acts of worship without any tampering and interference by whimsical human opinions. Ameen.

The Reward of Women in Paradise

The Reward of Women in Paradise

Question
Respected scholars, As-Salamu `alaykum. Whenever I read the Holy Qur’an, it always makes me wonder what would be the life of a female in Paradise or Jannah. The Qur’an talks about life after death and gives information that how a MAN's life is going to be in the other life. They will live in gardens where there are rivers and trees full of fruits. But I never read a passage that describes the lives of women in Jannah. If so, please let me know where in the Qur’an I can find information in this regard. How will women be rewarded in Paradise ?

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Sister, first of all, we’d like to say that we are impressed by your question, which emanates from a thoughtful heart.

May Allah Almighty help us all adhere to the principles of this true religion, Islam, and enable us to be among the dwellers of Paradise in the Hereafter, Ameen!

As regards your question, it should be clear that Paradise is the abode of happiness; all its dwellers, males or females, will be showered with Allah’s blessings and favors. There is no discrimination in this regard between men and women. It is righteousness and good deeds that elevates one’s rank in Jannah and exalts his/her position. In more than one Qur'anic verse,

Allah, Most High, calls upon His servants to do their utmost in order to be favored with Paradise. For example, He says, (And vie one with another for forgiveness from your Lord, and for a Paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth, prepared for those who ward off (evil). ) (Aal `Imran 3: 133)

In this context, Dr. Muzammil H. Siddiqi, former President of the Islamic Society of North America, states:

Jannah or Paradise is not for men alone. It is prepared for both, righteous men and righteous women. All the joys and blessings of Jannah are for both of them. Allah has mentioned in the Qur’an that He put both Adam and his wife Hawwa’ (Eve) in Jannah after creating them, and He told them to eat and enjoy everything (except the fruit of one tree). [See al-Baqarah 2: 35; al-A`raf 7: 19] Thus, all the trees, gardens and rivers of Jannah are made for both men and women and they both will enjoy them. All Believers, males and females, will enter the Jannah.

Allah says, ( Gardens of perpetual bliss: they shall enter there, as well as the righteous among their fathers, their spouses, and their offspring) (ar-Ra`d 13: 23) Further, Allah says, (Indeed, the people of Paradise will be happily occupied. They and their wives shall be in shades, reclining on raised couches. There are for them fruits and there is for them all that they ask for…) (Ya-Sin 36: 55-57) In the Hereafter Allah will say to the Believers, (Enter the Garden, you and your wives, you will be made glad. There will be brought round for them trays of gold and goblets, and therein is all that the souls desire and eyes find sweet and you will stay there forever. This is the garden, which you are made to inherit because of what you used to do.

Therein for you is fruit in plenty whence to eat. ) (Az-Zukhruf 43: 70-73) There are many other places in the Qur’an where it is mentioned that men and women both will find their reward and none will be deprived. [See: Aal `Imran 3: 195; An-Nisa’, 4: 124; An-Nahl 16: 97; Al-Ahzab 33: 35; Ghafir 40: 40] The life of women in Jannah will be as pleasant and happy as the life of men. Allah is not partial to any gender.
He created both of them and He will take care of both of them according to their needs and desires. Let us all work to achieve the Jannah and then, in sha’ Allah, we will find there what will satisfy all of us fully. This verse clearly denotes that those women who do righteous deeds are rewarded with Paradise and given a high rank that is equal to the good deeds they have offered.

Shedding more light on this issue, we'd like to cite the following fatwa issued by the outstanding Muslim scholar, Sheikh ibn Jibreen:

There is no doubt that reward in the Hereafter encompasses both men and women. This is based on the following Qur'anic verses: ( Lo! I suffer not the work of any worker, male or female, to be lost) (Al `Imran 3: 195) (Whosoever works righteousness, whether male or female, while he (or she) is a true believer, We will give a good life. ) (An-Nahl 16: 97) (And whoever does righteous good deeds, being a male or a female, and is a true believer, such will enter Paradise. ) (An-Nisa 4: 124) (Verily, the Muslims, men and women, the believers, men and women... Allah has prepared for them forgiveness and a great reward. ) (Al-Ahzab 33: 35)

Allah mentions them entering into Paradise together, saying: (They and their wives will be in pleasant shade. ) (Ya Sin 36: 56) (Enter Paradise, you and your wives, in happiness. ) (Az-Zukhruf 43: 70) Allah also mentions that He will recreate women in Paradise in the following verse: ( Lo! We have created them a (new) creation. And made them virgins… ) (Al-Waqi`ah 56: 35-36) That is, Allah will recreate the elderly women and make them virgins; the same will be done for old men, Allah will make them youth. It is also mentioned in the Hadith that the women of this worldly life have a superiority over Al-hur Al-`In due to the acts of worship and obedience that they performed in this world.

Therefore, the believing women will enter Paradise just like the believing men. If a woman had a number of husbands, she, upon entering Paradise with them, would choose among them the one with the best character and behavior.

Obeying My Husband or My Parents?

What Comes First: Obeying My Husband or My Parents ?

Question
Dear scholars, As-Salaam `Alaykum. I would like to know, after marriage, should one obey one's husband in opposition to the father, or vice versa? That is, if my husband wants me to do something different from what my father/mother want, should I obey him or my parents? Jazakum Allah khayran.

Answer
Wa`alykum As-Salaam Warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Dear sister in Islam, thanks for your question, which reflect your great confidence in us. May Allah Almighty help us serve His cause and render our work for His Sake.

As regard your question, we'd like first to state that we should be dutiful to our parents and obey them as long as they do not command us to do anything Haram. Dutifulness to parents is one of the obligations highly stressed upon in Islam. That’s why it’s oft-repeated in the Qur’an, and in most cases, it’s mentioned alongside the duty of worshipping Allah, the Almighty. This makes it clear that both dutifulness to parents and worshipping Allah are inseparable duties that Muslim must give his utmost attention.

But the point that we must not overlook is the impact of marriage on both man’s and woman’s spheres of affection, loyalty and obedience. Perhaps this weighs much more on woman due to the nature of her role in marital life. Addressing this point, Muslim jurists maintain that the bond of marriage makes it imperative on a woman to strike a balance between her dutifulness towards her parents and her love and loyalty to her husband. But if there arises any conflict between this and that (i.e. upon receiving conflicting orders from both her parents and her husband, assuming that both orders are aiming at good) then priority should be given to the command of the husband.

This point is further clarified by Sheikh M. S. Al-Munajjid, a prominent Saudi Muslim lecturer and author, in the following fatwa:

"The responsibilities of a married woman towards her parents are like those of any other woman. The rights a woman owes her parents remain intact and sacred, both before and after marriage. But obedience to the husband takes precedence over obedience to the parents if there is a conflict.

Having said this, the Muslim couple must strive to avoid the occurrence of such conflict. They should do their best to let the atmosphere of love and harmony prevail in their relations with their in-laws.

Excerpted, with slight modifications, from: www.islam-qa.com

Maintaining the stability of the new family which mainly consists of the husband and wife is the main reason behind this ruling. The spouses, while striving to show due respect to their parents, should not allow them to cause any disruption to their marital life by forcing them to do anything that may negatively affect their family.

Shedding more light on this point, the late prominent Muslim scholar, Dr. Ahmad Ash-Sharbasi, professor of `Aqeedah and Philosophy at Al-Azhar Univ., states:

"As long as the girl is in her father's house, the father is her guardian and she has to obey his commands and follow his directions. However, once she gets married, then the responsibility over her moves to her husband. Now, she has become a pillar of a new family and therefore obedience to the husband is given high priority.

Muslim scholars view that a Muslim wife should obey her husband in all what he commands as long as it is not Haram. If the parents interfere in this in a way that may shake the stability of the marital life, such interference should not be allowed. Thus, it’s very important for married couples to establish mutual understanding between them in a way that will secure peace and harmony in their relationship.”

Watching Pornographic Movies

Watching Pornographic Movies

Question
As-Salamu `alaykum! Is watching pornographic movies haram (prohibited)? Please answer me as soon as possible! Jazakum Allahu Khayran. ( Question By Samir - Tonga )

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Dear brother, we commend your eagerness to become well acquainted with Islam and its teachings, which is the way Allah has chosen for the welfare of His servants.

In response to the question, Dr. Muzammil Siddiqi, former president of the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA), states:

"Pornographic pictures and movies are haram (prohibited). Muslims should not watch, sell or make such movies. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is reported to have said: 'The eyes commit adultery, the tongue commits adultery, the hands commit adultery, the feet commit adultery and then the private parts confirm it or deny it.' (Reported by Ahmad Ibn Hanbal)

This means that watching pornographic movies, listening to such songs or singing them, using one’s hands and feet for this purpose, all these are sins that are related to Zina and then the final act of Zina takes place through haram intercourse. Of course haram intercourse is a major sin but that which leads to sin is also a sin. If one persists in a minor sin, it also becomes a major sin. Those who are involved in such addiction should repent sincerely and implore Allah earnestly to forgive them; they should pray to Allah to clean their hearts and give them the strength of resolution and protection from the Shaytan.
It is better for a person who is suffering from this addiction to stop watching TV for some time, until he gains control over himself. In addition, one should not leave obligatory prayers if one is involved in this sin. If one is involved in one sin, this does not mean that one should start other sins as well. One should try to get rid of sins, not to increase them.

Sometimes, people make promise to Allah and repent and then, under the influence of the Shaytan, they break their promises. It is for this reason that it is recommended that one should move from the place of sin or do something extra to get out of this vicious circle. It may be good to disconnect and put away the TV and VCR. This will remind one more about the promise made to Allah. As far as the punishment is concerned, I can say that sin is a serious matter and one should not take it lightly.

Only Allah knows what will be the punishment. May Allah protect us from sins and save us all from His wrath and punishment, Amen!"

Also on this issue, the prominent Muslim scholar,Sheikh `Abdul-Khaleq Hasan Ash-Shareef, adds:
"The person who watches such pornographic movies should repent to Allah sincerely and should not mosey around boasting about such nasty habit.
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is reported to have said: 'All of my Ummah would not be punished except for those who crow over their sins (i.e., sins they commit in private).'

Hence, I advise those who are involved in such a sin to repent sincerely to Allah, keeping in mind that if one sincerely repents, Allah Almighty will accept his repentance and reward him generously."

Wife Beating in Islamic Perspective

Wife Beating in Islamic Perspective

Question
Respected scholars! Does Islam allow wife beating? Some husbands are violent and they say that the Qur'an allows them to beat their wives. Is there any logical explanation given regarding men being allowed to beat their wives, as stated in surat An-Nisa', verse 34 ? ( Question By Asif - New Zealand -Aotearoa )

Answer
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Dear questioner, we would like to thank you for the great confidence you place in us, and we implore Allah Almighty to help us serve His cause and render our work for His Sake.

The verse you mention has been greatly misconceived by many people who focus merely on its surface meaning, taking it to allow wife beating. When the setting is not taken into account, it isolates the words in a way that distorts or falsifies the original meaning. Before dealing with the issue of wife-battering in the perspective of Islam, we should keep in mind that the original Arabic wording of the Qur'an is the only authentic source of meaning. If one relies on the translation alone, one is likely to misunderstand it.

Commenting on this issue, Dr. Muzammil H. Siddiqi, former President of the Islamic Society of North America, states:

"According to the Qur'an the relationship between the husband and wife should be based on mutual love and kindness. Allah says: "And among His Signs is this, that He created for you mates from among yourselves, that ye may dwell in tranquility with them, and He has put love and mercy between your (hearts): verily in that are Signs for those who reflect." (Ar-Rum: 21)

The Qur'an urges husbands to treat their wives with kindness. [In the event of a family dispute, the Qur'an exhorts the husband to treat his wife kindly and not to overlook her positive aspects].

Allah Almighty says: “Live with them on a footing of kindness and equity. If ye take a dislike to them it may be that ye dislike a thing, and Allah brings about through it a great deal of good.” (An-Nisa’: 19)It is important that a wife recognizes the authority of her husband in the house. He is the head of the household, and she is supposed to listen to him. But the husband should also use his authority with respect and kindness towards his wife. If there arises any disagreement or dispute among them, then it should be resolved in a peaceful manner.

Spouses should seek the counsel of their elders and other respectable family members and friends to batch up the rift and solve the differences.However, in some cases a husband may use some light disciplinary action in order to correct the moral infraction of his wife, but this is only applicable in extreme cases and it should be resorted to if one is sure it would improve the situation.

However, if there is a fear that it might worsen the relationship or may wreak havoc on him or the family, then he should avoid it completely.The Qur'an is very clear on this issue.

Almighty Allah says: "Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has given the one more strength than the other, and because they support them from their means.

Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient and guard in the husband's absence what Allah would have them to guard. As to those women on whose part you fear disloyalty and ill-conduct, admonish them (first), (next), refuse to share their beds, (and last) beat them (lightly); but if they return to obedience, seek not against them means (of annoyance); for Allah is most High and Great (above you all). If you fear a breach between them twain, appoint (two) arbiters, one from his family and the other from hers. If they wish for peace,

Allah will cause their reconciliation; for Allah has full knowledge and is acquainted with all things." (An-Nisa': 34-35)It is important to read the section fully. One should not take part of the verse and use it to justify one's own misconduct. This verse neither permits violence nor condones it. It guides us to ways to handle delicate family situation with care and wisdom.

The word "beating" is used in the verse, but it does not mean "physical abuse". The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) explained it "dharban ghayra mubarrih" which means "a light tap that leaves no mark". He further said that face must be avoided. Some other scholars are of the view that it is no more than a light touch by siwak, or toothbrush.

Generally, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to discourage his followers from taking even this measure. He never hit any female, and he used to say that the best of men are those who do not hit their wives. In one hadith he expressed his extreme repulsion from this behavior and said, "How does anyone of you beat his wife as he beats the stallion camel and then embrace (sleep with) her?” (Al-Bukhari, English Translation, vol. 8, Hadith 68, pp. 42-43)

It is also important to note that even this "light strike" mentioned in the verse is not to be used to correct some minor problem, but it is permissible to resort to only in a situation of some serious moral misconduct when admonishing the wife fails, and avoiding from sleeping with her would not help. If this disciplinary action can correct a situation and save the marriage, then one should use it."

Dr. Jamal Badawi, professor at Saint Mary's University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and a cross-appointed faculty member in the Departments of Religious Studies and Management, adds:

"If the problem relates to the wife's behavior, the husband may exhort her and appeal for reason. In most cases, this measure is likely to be sufficient. In cases where the problem persists, the husband may express his displeasure in another peaceful manner, by sleeping in a separate bed from hers. There are cases, however, in which a wife persists in bad habits and showing contempt of her husband and disregard for her marital obligations. Instead of divorce, the husband may resort to another measure that may save the marriage, at least in some cases. Such a measure is more accurately described as a gentle tap on the body, but never on the face, making it more of a symbolic measure than a punitive one.

Even here, that maximum measure is limited by the following:
a. It must be seen as a rare exception to the repeated exhortation of mutual respect, kindness and good treatment. Based on the Qur'an and Hadith, this measure may be used in the cases of lewdness on the part of the wife or extreme refraction and rejection of the husband's reasonable requests on a consistent basis (nushuz). Even then, other measures, such as exhortation, should be tried first.

b. As defined by Hadith, it is not permissible to strike anyone's face, cause any bodily harm or even be harsh. What the Hadith qualifies as "dharban ghayra mubarrih", or light striking, was interpreted by early jurists as a (symbolic) use of siwak! They further qualified permissible "striking" as that which leaves no mark on the body. It is interesting that this latter fourteen-centuries-old qualifier is the criterion used in contemporary American law to separate a light and harmless tap or strike from "abuse" in the legal sense. This makes it clear that even this extreme, last resort, and "lesser of the two evils" measure that may save a marriage does not meet the definitions of "physical abuse," "family violence, " or "wife battering" in the 20th century law in liberal democracies, where such extremes are so commonplace that they are seen as national concerns.

c. The permissibility of such symbolic expression of the seriousness of continued refraction does not imply its desirability. In several hadiths, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) discouraged this measure. Here are some of his sayings in this regard:"Do not beat the female servants of Allah";"Some (women) visited my family complaining about their husbands (beating them). These (husbands) are not the best of you."In another hadith the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is reported to have said: “How does anyone of you beat his wife as he beats the stallion camel and then he may embrace (sleep with) her?”

d. True following of the Sunnah is to follow the example of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) who never resorted to that measure, regardless of the circumstances.

e. Islamic teachings are universal in nature. They respond to the needs and circumstances of diverse times, cultures and circumstances. Some measures may work in some cases and cultures or with certain persons but may not be effective in others. By definition, a "permissible" act is neither required, encouraged or forbidden. In fact it may be to spell out the extent of permissibility, such as in the issue at hand, rather than leaving it unrestricted or unqualified, or ignoring it all together. In the absence of strict qualifiers, persons may interpret the matter in their own way, which can lead to excesses and real abuse.

f. Any excess, cruelty, family violence, or abuse committed by any "Muslim" can never be traced, honestly, to any revelatory text (Qur'an or Hadith). Such excesses and violations are to be blamed on the person(s) himself, as it shows that they are paying lip service to Islamic teachings and injunctions and failing to follow the true Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)."

Entering the Mosque in a School Uniform

Entering the Mosque in a School Uniform

Question
Sometimes, I'm afraid I will miss my prayer when I reach home from school. One who enters the mosque should be in proper attire. What can I do to be able to enter the mosque when I wear my school uniform (shirt and skirt) ?

Answer
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Thanks for your question, and we earnestly implore Allah to guide us all to the best and easiest ways by which we can apply the teachings of Islam and carry out our religious duties as ordained by Allah.

All Muslim women should try their best to stick to the Islamic dress code in public and to take special consideration of their outward appearance when entering a mosque. In addition, every Muslim is required by Islam to perform daily prayers on time.

Responding to the question, the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore states the following:

Performing prayer on time has higher priority than being worried because of wearing a skirt such as your school uniform. Thus, you should strive to perform your prayer on time, even though it means you have to enter a mosque wearing a school uniform. What we can advise you is to carry a long light-weight skirt and put it on over your uniform in the mosque. And if you can bring along something like a long-sleeved sweater and a tudung (hijab) that will be much better. Or better, bring a long head covering that covers the arms. But if that is impossible, you may approach the mosque attendant and explain to him your situation that you will be performing your prayer there on a regular basis. We are sure the attendant will allow you to keep prayer clothes there that will cover your `awrah.

Women Riding Bikes

Women Riding Bikes

Question
Dear scholars, as-Salamu `alaykum. I would like to know if a Muslim girl or woman can ride a bike as a means of transportation? Jazakum Allah khayran. ( Question By Amina - England)

Answer
Wa `alaykum As-Salamu wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Dear sister in Islam, may Allah reward you abundantly for your interest in knowing the teachings of your religion. We appreciate the great confidence you have in us, hoping that our efforts meet your expectations.

It is noteworthy that Islam deals with women on an equal footing with men. At the same time, Islam pays much more attention to protecting women against any harm. Islam sets certain rules in order to safeguard Muslim women against immorality and indecency and to preserve their chastity. Therefore, it requires women to stick to the Islamic code of dress and to observe haya’ (modesty) in their walk, speech, and conduct.

As regards riding bikes by women we'd like to state that riding bikes, cars and other means of transportation is in itself permissible. In the pre-Islamic era Arab women used to ride camels. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The best women who rode camels are the women of Quraysh. They are the best to show affection towards children and to care for their husbands' wealth."

Also, this practice may have something to do with the culture of a certain society. In some societies it is common that women use certain means of transportation rather than others. Islam doesn't reject cultures which don't conflict with the teachings of Islam. One of the distinguishing features of Islam is easiness. Allah Almighty says: (He hath chosen you and hath not laid upon you in religion any hardship) (Al-Hajj 22:78).

The only condition is that women should stick to the Islamic manners while riding the bike. She should abide by the Islamic code of dress and she should not sit on the same bike behind or in front of a non-Mahram male, for this leads to forbidden touching.

“If riding a bike or a horse is a common practice, if the horse or bike is the method of transportation in the local area, and if the woman can ride it without revealing any of her `awrah (parts of her body that should not be exposed in public), then the answer is yes, the woman may ride it.”

Having a Girl / Boy Friend: Permissible?

Having a Girl / Boy Friend: Permissible ?

Question
What Does Islam say about having girfriends or boyfriends ? ( Question By Jewan - Canada )

Answer
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Dear bother in Islam, thank you very much for having confidence in us, and we implore Allah to guide you to the best and to direct you to that which pleases Him, Amen.

It stands to reason that having a girlfriend is not the manner of a Muslim. It is forbidden for a male Muslim to have a girlfriend, as it is forbidden for a female Muslim to have a boyfriend.

Tackling this point in details, Dr. Muzammil Siddiqi, former president of the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) states:

Muslims should have good relations with all people, males as well as females, at school, at work, in you neighborhood etc. You should be kind and courteous to everyone. However, it is not allowed in Islam to take a non-mahram person or persons of the opposite gender as a very close friend. Such friendship often leads to haram.

In the Qur’an, Allah mentioned that good men and women are those who marry, do not have fornicating relationships and do not have "paramours" or Akhdan see An-Nisaa’: 25, Al-Ma'idah: 5). Akhdan are "sweethearts" or for a man a "mistress" and for a woman a "lover".

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upom him, is reported to have stated that “whenever two strangers of the opposite gender are alone with each other, Satan becomes the third one between them.” (At-Tirmidhi)” So it is not allowed for a Muslim boy to have a girlfriend or for a Muslim girl to have a boyfriend.

Howsoever pure your intentions may be, the danger is that it will lead you to sin. Or at least you will be alone with each other and spend more time together. Thus, you should be friendly with your classmates, boys and girls both; but do not take a girl as your intimate friend. Of course, homosexuality is also forbidden in Islam. So do not take a boy either as your intimate friend in the "gay sense" of the word. If your friend, not girlfriend, is interested in Islam, by all means help her to become Muslim. Give her the Islamic books and ask her to attend Islamic meetings and lectures. Let her accept Islam by her own will. Do not force her or put any pressure on her to become Muslim. May Allah bless you and keep you on the right path.

Shedding more light on this, the eminent Muslim scholar, Sheikh Muhammad Al-Hanooti, member of the North American Fiqh Council, states:

A friendship wth the opposite sex is not of Islam. It used to be of the Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic era) style of life.

A friendship of the two sexes can never be safe or sex-free. I agree that in some exceptional cases, it could be innocent. But, a law is usually amended for social regulations. There is no law to be customized for a certain person or few people.

The Qur'an and Sunnah guidance for the sexes dealing with each other has a main major issue for which Islam has set principles and rules to govern. It is the desire and lust. The Qur'an prohibits anything that motivates one's heart in a seductive way towards the other. The Qur'an tells a woman when she speaks to a man to speak in a way that doesn't show any interest in him lest he should feel seduced to build up an unhealthy relationship. If there is a possibility in any kind of action that it could lead by some percentage into catastrophe, no one will ever take that risk. I can say what you call friendship could have some percentage of leading into haram. How would you go to that risk whereas if a doctor says to you an operation of a certain organ could lead you into death? You would say I don't want to risk my life, but I will take the pain.

Firstly, this is a deen but not a man's opinion. Lastly, if you take it, you certainly will be on the safe side. If you want to follow reason, reason has a lot of defects and sometimes we cannot draw the line to know who is sane and who is insane. Sometimes you cannot know which is which.